U.S. General Services Administration Administrator’s Semiannual Management Report to Congress Report No. 44 October 1, 2010 to March 31, 2011 U.S. General Services Administration Martha Johnson Administrator Office of the Chief Financial Officer Alison L. Doone Chief Financial Officer Office of the Controller Faye C. Basden Controller Internal Control and Audit Division Ralph L. Boldt Director May 2011 This report is in the public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part is granted. While permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: U.S. General Services Administration, Office of the Chief Financial Officer, Office of the Controller, Internal Control and Audit Division, Administrator’s Semiannual Management Report to Congress, No. 44, Washington, DC 20405. To obtain copies of this report, Write to: U.S. General Services Administration, Office of the Chief Financial Officer, Office of the Controller, Internal Control and Audit Division (BEI), Room 470, 1275 First Street, NE Washington, DC 20417 E-mail your request to: Ralph.Boldt@gsa.gov Call in your request: (202) 501-3094 Obtain a copy of this report on the Agency’s Web site at: Semi Annual Report to Congress Executive Summary In accordance with the Inspector General Act Amendments of 1978, as amended, the Administrator of General Services Administration submits this report to Congress on final actions regarding audit recommendations. The report covers the period from October 1, 2010 through March 31, 2011. The Act requires the Administrator to report directly to the Congress on management decisions and final actions taken on audit recommendations. The report must provide an explanation in cases where final action has not been taken on an audit one year after the date of the management decision. The report also summarizes management's implementation of the recommendations contained in audit reports issued by General Services Administration's Office of Inspector General. During the reporting period, management decisions were issued on 60 audit reports. Of this total, 40 audit reports represented $16,771,204 in disallowed costs and $286,090,624 in funds to be put to better use. The latter category is comprised of estimated and actual cost avoidance determined to have no impact on the agency's budget. There were no management decisions this period that involved actual cost avoidance determined to have a potential impact on the budget. During the six-month period, GSA took final action on 28 audits with management decisions identifying disallowed costs or funds to be put to better use. These audits represent the recovery of $1,864,269 and the implementation of $3,315,254 of actual cost avoidance determined to have no impact on the agency's budget. No cost avoidance determined to have a potential impact on the budget was implemented during the period. As of March 31, 2011, 76 audit reports remained open without final action one year after the management decision. Of this total, 13 were under formal administrative or judicial appeal. The reasons of no actions have been taken with respect to the remaining 63 audits are provided in the report. Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Organization of Audit Follow-up Program in General Services Administration ...................... 6 Organization Chart .................................................................................................................................. 8 Progress of Audit Closure ....................................................................................................................... 9 Audits with Disallowed Costs .............................................................................................................. 10 Audits with Better Use Funds ............................................................................................................. 11 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Audits .......................................................... 12 Internal Audits ........................................................................................................................................ 13 Audits under Appeal/Litigation ........................................................................................................... 14 Contract Audits ....................................................................................................................................... 15 Glossary of Terms ................................................................................................................................... 22 Introduction Overview This report, submitted pursuant to the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, presents management's perspective on audit resolution and follow-up activity at the U. S. General Services Administration (GSA) for the period beginning October 1, 2010, through March 31, 2011. This is the agency's 44th report to the Congress since the implementation of the Act (Public Law 100-504). The data in the report indicates that GSA's audit follow-up efforts continue to play a significant role in the effective management of the agency's operations and the accomplishment of its mission. U.S. General Services Administration Organization GSA is organized around two major business functions represented by the Federal Acquisition Service (FAS) and the Public Buildings Service (PBS). In addition, there are 11 Regions and a number of Staff Offices that provide support to the other GSA organizations. The Administrator of GSA directs the execution of all functions pertaining to the agency. Members of her office, as well as Regional Administrators and Heads of Services and Staff Offices, advise and make recommendations on policy or operational issues of national scope. Each Service is lead by a Commissioner located in the Central Office in Washington, DC. The Commissioners are responsible in their respective functional areas for policy development, program direction, funding, and interfacing with Congressional staffs, clients and other constituents regarding issues of policy of international importance. GSA is organized as a matrix. One vector is the functional area, Public Buildings Service or Federal Acquisition Service. The other vector is geographical. Regional Commissioners have direct functional line to the respective FAS/PBS Commissioner. Simultaneously, the Regional Commissioners have a duty, responsibility, and direct reporting relationship to the Regional Administrator regarding the health of the region as an enterprise. Organization of Audit Follow-up Program in General Services Administration Agency Audit Follow-up Process GSA has effective systems in place for keeping track of audit recommendations. In addition, GSA has senior management commitment to ensure that appropriate corrective action is taken. Agency managers have the responsibility to act upon the auditor's recommendations, with the audit resolution process being supervised by the agency audit follow-up official. The following provides a description of the responsibilities of GSA officials involved in the audit follow-up process. Senior Agency Official The Deputy Administrator is the Senior Agency Official responsible for audit follow- up in the agency. As such, she has overall responsibility for ensuring the adequacy of the agency's follow-up system, monitoring the resolution of audit recommendations, and ensuring the prompt implementation of corrective actions. She also makes final decisions to resolve differences between agency management and the Office of Inspector General. The Chief Financial Officer The Chief Financial Officer provides administrative direction to the officials in the Office of the Chief Financial Officer who manage GSA’s Audit Resolution and Follow-up System. Their responsibilities include: • Acting as the liaison with the Government Accountability Office (GAO) for the coordination of GAO audits in progress within GSA and for preparation of responses and reports for the signature of the Administrator on GAO recommendations as required by law; • Ensuring timely resolution and implementation of internal and external audit recommendations made by the Office of Inspector General as well as GAO; • Overseeing the collection and proper accounting of amounts determined due to the Government as the result of audit-related claims; • Analyzing GSA’s programs upon request from the Administrator, particularly as related to past or present audit recommendations; and, • Maintaining an automated report control system for both internal and external audits that provides an accurate means for tracking and documenting actions taken in implementing audit recommendations. Heads of Services and Staff Offices and Regional Administrators Heads of Services and Staff Offices and Regional Administrators to whom audit recommendations pertain, have primary responsibility for resolving and implementing recommendations promptly. Their responsibilities include: • Ensuring controls are implemented to provide timely, accurate, and complete responses to audit reports; • Developing, advocating, and documenting agency positions on audit recommendations; • Preparing responses to draft and final GAO reports in coordination with the Office of the Chief Financial Officer; and • Providing comments on audit decision papers prepared by the Office of Inspector General to ensure that management's position on unresolved audit recommendations is properly stated. Organization Chart of the Agency Progress of Audit Closure FOR THE SIX-MONTH PERIOD ENDING MARCH 31, 2011 Timely closing of audits remains a priority for GSA. The Office of the Chief Financial Officer (OCFO) staff worked with contracting officers and audit liaisons to close out numerous internal and contract audits. From October 1, 2010 through March 31, 2011, GSA closed approximately 22 percent, or 49 internal and contract audits, of 228 open audits. The remaining 179 audits are open because of ongoing litigation, negotiation, collections, and implementation of corrective actions. Audits with Disallowed Costs Final action for the six-month period Ending MARCH 31, 2011 Number of Audit Reports Disallowed Costs A. Audit reports for which final action had not been taken by the commencement of the reporting period. 35 $46,175,804 B. Audit reports on which management decisions were made during the reporting period. 20 $21,469,802 C. Audit reports on which final action was taken during the reporting period. 9 $11,043,588 (i) the dollar value of disallowed costs that were recovered by management through: $1,911,074 - collections…………….………...$1,864,269 - offset………………….…….…...$46,805 - property in lieu of cash…….…$0 - other………………………….… $0 (ii) the dollar value of disallowed costs that were written off by management. $5,373,935 D. Audit reports for which no final action has been taken by the end of the reporting period. 46 $56,602,018 Audits with Better Use Funds Final action for the six-month period ending MARCH 31, 2011 Number of Audit Reports No Budget Impact (Actual and Estimated) Budget Impact A. Audit reports for which final action had not been taken by the commencement of the reporting period. 88 $752,658,237 $0 B. Audit reports on which management decisions were made during the reporting period. 20 $253,463,337 $0 C. Audit reports for which final action was taken during the reporting period. 19 $355,897,031 $0 (i) the actual dollar value of recommendations that were actually completed. $3,315,254 $0 (ii) the actual dollar value of recommendations that management has subsequently concluded should not or could not be implemented or completed. $0 $0 (iii) the actual dollar value of recommendations that management has subsequently concluded should not or could not be determined (calculated). $0 $0 (iv) the estimated dollar value of “funds to be put to better use” as agreed to by GSA management and the OIG. $352,581,777 $0 D. Audit reports for which no final action had been taken by the end of the reporting period. 89 $650,224,543 $0 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Audits The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Recovery Act) authorized the GSA Public Buildings Service (PBS) to invest $5.5 billion in federal public building projects. This includes $4.5 billion to transform federal facilities into high- performance green buildings, $750 million to renovate and construct new federal offices and courthouses, and $300 million to construct and renovate border stations. As a result of this increased spending, GSA has developed and is implementing risk assessments and control methodologies to ensure Recovery Act funds are awarded and distributed in a prompt, fair, and reasonable manner; recipients and uses of Recovery Act funds are transparent to the public; and public benefits of the funds are reported clearly, accurately, and in a timely manner. To assist in the implementation of these goals, all Recovery Act monies are tracked and reported. As of March 31, 2011, there are 46 GSA Recovery Act audits, totaling $ 140,937,670 in dollars audited. Internal Audits Audits with Management Decisions Made Prior to March 31, 2010, But with Final Action not Taken as of March 31, 2011 REPORT NUMBER TITLE OF REPORT DATE OF REPORT MANAGEMENT DECISION AMOUNTS REASON FOR NO FINAL ACTION PROJECTED COMPLETION DATE Disallowed Costs Better Use Funds A060190Q6P07004 MAS Contract Workload 07/31/2007 $0 $0 FAS has submitted a revised action plan for OIG review. 5/15/2011 A070180OTW07001 GSA'S Electronic Messaging Services (GEMS) And National Notes Infrastructure (GNNI) 09/12/2007 $0 $0 Re-opened based on implementation review. GSA is tracking action plan until complete. 3/30/2012 A060228OTF08007 Improvements To the GSA Privacy Act To Protect PII 03/31/2008 $0 $0 Action plan is currently being implemented. 11/15/2011 A080081OTF08016 FISMA Review of IT Security Program 09/11/2008 $0 $0 Action Plan in implementation stage. 11/15/2011 A070199PRR09002 Leasing Prospectus 07/15/2009 $0 $0 Action Plan in implementation stage. 4/15/2011 A080179P2R09003 Lease Payment Recoveries 07/24/2009 $0 $0 Re-opened due to implementation review. 4/15/2011 A080226QAP09006 Unnecessary Duplication of Services 09/30/2009 $0 $0 Action plan is still in implementation stage 7/15/2011 Audits under Appeal/Litigation REPORT NUMBER NAME OF CONTRACTOR DATE OF REPORT MANAGEMENT DECISION AMOUNTS Disallowed Costs Better Use Funds A030140FWX03056 Science Applications Int’l Corp. 03/25/2003 $0 $1,028,099 A060196P9X07091 Tigard Electric, Incorporated 08/28/2007 $0 $988,088 A080084P7X08061 Kemor Electrical Company, LP 04/29/2008 $0 $312,148 A080077Q5X08087 Gartner, Inc. 08/05/2008 $0 $5,753,000 A080185P9X09016 Pacific Coast Steel 12/16/2008 $0 $2,199,853 A080220P9X09022 Boyett Door and Hardware 01/09/2009 $0 $526,039 A090217P9X09100 Aecom U.S. 09/08/2009 $0 $394,889 A090215P9X09110 Ross Cusenbery Architecture, Incorporated 09/16/2009 $0 $74,638 A090118Q6X09123 Murray-Benjamin Electric Co. 09/25/2009 $461,494 $0 A090098Q6X10014 Point Blank Body Armor, Inc. 11/09/2009 $18,115,740 $0 A090216P9X10036 Ross Drulis Cusenbery Architecture 02/24/2010 $1,753,518 $0 Contract Audits Audits with Management Decisions Made Prior to March 31, 2010, but with Final Action not Taken as of March 31, 2011 REPORT NUMBER NAME OF CONTRACTOR DATE OF REPORT MANAGEMENT DECISION AMOUNTS REASON FOR NO FINAL ACTION Disallowed Costs Better Use Funds A010127P6X01079 DKW CONSTRUCTION, INC. 04/30/2001 $303,193 $0 GSA in process of collecting funds owed the Government from the contractor. A63630FWX02004 THE PRESIDIO CORPORATION 10/18/2001 $273,000 $0 GSA in process of collecting funds owed the Government from the contractor. A030140FWX03056 SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INT'L CORP. 03/25/2003 $0 $1,028,099 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A050105F6X06006 BCOP FEDERAL 10/12/2005 $882,549 $29,550,000 GSA in process of collecting funds owed the Government from the contractor. A050122F6X06059 FASTERNAL COMPANY 04/18/2006 $35,274 $0 An investigation has been opened by either the OIG or the Justice Department regarding actions taken by the contractor. A060196P9X07091 TIGARD ELECTRIC, INCORPORATED 08/28/2007 $0 $988,088 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A080084P7X08061 KENMOR ELECTRICAL COMPANY, LP 04/29/2008 $0 $312,148 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A080077Q5X08087 GARTNER, INC. 08/05/2008 $0 $5,753,000 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A080177Q9X09015 Tecolote Research, Incorporated 12/12/2008 $0 $658,765 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080185P9X09016 Pacific Coast Steel 12/16/2008 $0 $2,199,853 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A080220P9X09022 Boyett Door and Hardware 01/09/2009 $0 $526,039 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. Awaiting Legal Opinion. A080136Q2X09028 Dynamic Decisions, Inc. 01/20/2009 $0 $0 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090005Q9X09033 Intratek Computer Incorporated 01/28/2009 $0 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080067Q5X09035 Haworth, Holland, MI 02/04/2009 $0 $65,000,000 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080085Q6X09043 The HON Company 03/03/2009 $0 $31,298,140 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080212Q3X09047 Phillips Corporation Federal Division 03/23/2009 $27,429 $1,445,916 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080203Q4X09061 Simplex Grinnell LP 04/23/2009 $0 $18,373,179 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080210Q6X09062 Immix Technology, Inc. 04/27/2009 $711,525 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080077Q5X09071 Gartner, Inc. Stamford, CT 06/11/2009 $1,486,750 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090007Q6X09075 Booz Allen Hamilton, Inc. 07/08/2009 $806,948 $68,696,732 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080223Q6X09085 AT&T Corp. 08/19/2009 $0 $4,301,108 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090106Q3X09084 Perot Systems Government Services, Inc. 08/19/2009 $34,758 $33,743,210 GSA is in the process of collecting funds owed the government from the contractor. A090117Q9X09088 Monster Government Solutions 08/20/2009 $0 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080030Q3X09087 Hewlett-Packard Company 08/21/2009 $59,353 $81,038,538 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090090Q2X09086 Ezenia!, Inc. 08/21/2009 $0 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090131Q6X09092 Avid Technology, Inc. 08/24/2009 $2,394,174 $2,481,315 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090228PCX09094 Green Horne & O'Mara, Inc. 08/27/2009 $0 $53,000 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090089Q4X09095 Mohawk Carpet Corporation: Lees Carpets Division 09/03/2009 $124,119 $3,394,643 GSA is in the process of collecting funds owed the government from the contractor. A090074Q7X09099 Tech Flow, Inc. 09/04/2009 $0 $4,373,215 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090254PCX09097 Green horne & O'Mara, Inc. 09/04/2009 $0 $118,000 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090230PCX09103 Goody, Clancy, and Associates, Inc. 09/09/2009 $0 $124,032 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090232PCX09101 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 09/09/2009 $0 $11,762 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090234PCX09102 HDR Architecture, Inc. 09/10/2009 $0 $809,387 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090242PCX09106 Olin Partnership 09/11/2009 $0 $100,894 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090239PCX09108 Shen Milsom & Wilke 09/14/2009 $0 $90,385 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090233PCX09109 HC YU and Associates 09/15/2009 $0 $45,178 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090215P9X09110 Ross Cusenbery Architecture, Incorporated 09/16/2009 $0 $74,638 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A090237PCX09111 Rhode side & Harwell, Inc. 09/16/2009 $0 $310,194 Agreement has not been reached between OIG and Contracting Officer on the Decision Record. A090246PCX09113 A&F Engineers, Inc. 09/17/2009 $0 $30,608 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090231PCX09114 Gruzen Samton Architects, LLP 09/21/2009 $0 $45,134 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090252PCX09116 Code Consultants 09/21/2009 $0 $88,996 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090253PCX09115 O'Neal Technologies, Inc. 09/21/2009 $0 $606,342 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090229PCX09117 ARUP USA, INC. 09/22/2009 $0 $192,302 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090245PCX09118 Thornton Tomasetti, Inc. 09/23/2009 $0 $93,612 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090247PCX09120 Hinman Consulting Engineers, Inc. 09/24/2009 $0 $28,621 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090118Q6X09123 Murray-Benjamin Electric Co. 09/25/2009 $461,494 $0 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A090241PCX09121 Einhorn Yaffee Prescott Architecture & Engineering, P.C. 09/25/2009 $0 $222,987 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090250PCX09122 RTM Consultants, Inc. 09/25/2009 $0 $49,601 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090244PCX09124 JVP Engineers, P.C. 09/28/2009 $0 $254,455 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090251PCX09125 Kroll Security Group 09/28/2009 $0 $32,710 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090235PCX09127 Kohnen-Starkey, Inc. 09/29/2009 $0 $24,739 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090243PCX09126 Syska & Hennessy, Inc. 09/29/2009 $0 $295,245 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090248PCX09129 Schnabel Engineering, LLC 09/29/2009 $0 $278,256 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080143Q2X10003 Stanley Associates 10/08/2009 $0 $5,424,297 GSA is in the process of collecting funds owed the government from the contractor. A090249PCX10001 Project Management Services, Inc. 10/08/2009 $0 $629,199 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080155Q2X10006 Cascades Technologies, Inc. 10/21/2009 $261,525 $0 GSA is in the process of collecting funds owed the government from the contractor. A090170Q9X10007 eTouch Systems Corporation: Fremont, California 10/23/2009 $0 $0 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090124Q4X10009 Intergraph Corporation 10/29/2009 $8,080 $14,190,000 GSA is in the process of collecting funds owed the government from the contractor. A090098Q6X10014 Point Blank Body Armor, Inc. 11/09/2009 $18,115,740 $0 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A090202Q6X10016 Computech 11/09/2009 $0 $19,043,879 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080144Q7X10019 BMC Software, Inc. 11/17/2009 $0 $3,246,860 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090159Q5X10022 RCF Information Systems 12/10/2009 $4,459 $522,882 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090240PCX10023 Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Architects LLP 12/16/2009 $0 $4,254,124 Negotiations have been completed between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090189Q9X10025 Cascade Designs, Inc. Seattle, Washington 12/21/2009 $0 $1,144,541 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090105P9X10029 Marelich Mechanical Company, Inc. 01/26/2010 $0 $8,999,504 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A080206P9X10031 Dick Corporation/Morganti Group, A Joint Venture 02/01/2010 $0 $22,596,628 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. A090216P9X10036 Ross Drulis Cusenbery Architecture 02/24/2010 $1,753,518 $0 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A100087P9X10040 AECOM Design, a Division of AECOM U.S 03/17/2010 $1,116,352 $0 The contractor has appealed the Contracting Officer's decision and the audit is now in the litigation process. A100041P9X10041 T&M Manufacturing, Inc. Tremonton, Utah 03/18/2010 $0 $3,952,019 Negotiations are proceeding between Contracting Officer and contractor. Glossary of Terms The following definitions, based on the Inspector General Act Amendment of 1988, apply to terms used in this Semiannual Management Report: Questioned Costs. Costs questioned by the OIG as a result of: • an alleged violation of a provision of a law, regulation, contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other agreement or document governing the expenditure of funds; • a finding that, at the time of an audit, such cost is not supported by adequate documentation; or • a finding that the expenditure of funds for the intended purpose is unnecessary or unreasonable. Disallowed Cost. Questioned costs that GSA management in a management decision sustained or agreed should not be charged to the Government. Recommendation that Funds be Put to Better Use. A recommendation by the OIG that funds could be used more efficiently if management took action to implement and complete the recommendations, including: • reductions in outlays; • de-obligation of funds from programs or operations; • withdrawal of interest subsidy costs on loans or loan guarantees, insurance or bonds; • costs not incurred by implementing recommended improvements related to the operations of the establishment, a contractor or grantee; • avoidance of unnecessary expenditures noted in pre-award reviews of contract or grant agreements; or • any other savings that are identified specifically. Management Decision. The evaluation by management of the findings and recommendations included in an audit report and the issuance of a final decision by management concerning its response to such findings and recommendations, including planned corrective actions to remedy weaknesses identified in the report. Final Action. The completion of all actions that GSA management concluded in its management decision were necessary with respect to the findings and recommendations included in the audit report. In the event that GSA management concluded no action was necessary, final action occurred when the management decision was made. Management Actions – Questioned Costs. The following is a list of the different management actions used by GSA management to resolve questioned costs in an audit report. • Audit reports on which management decisions were made during the period: Data pertaining to the number of audit reports on which management decisions were made during the period and the associated amount of disallowed costs was furnished by the OIG. • Write-offs: For the purposes of this report, write-offs are interpreted to represent the difference between the disallowed cost and the amount successfully recovered. Management Actions – Better Use Funds. The following is a list of the different management actions used by GSA management to resolve the “better use” of funds in an audit report. • Better Use Funds: The figure represents amounts cited as “cost avoidance” and “funds to be put to better use,” as agreed to by GSA management and the OIG. Prior to April 1990, no funds were identified by the OIG specifically as “funds to be put to better use,” and no management decisions were issued based on the consideration of “better use” of funds. • Budget Impact Funds: Funds identified as “budget impact” involve the obligation process. Audit-related savings of these funds, depending on the particular fund involved, may be available for reprogramming. • No Budget Impact Funds: Funds identified as “no budget impact” are composed of estimated and actual amounts, and do not involve obligated monies, and, therefore, cannot be construed as having a material effect on GSA’s appropriated funds. • Audit reports on which management decisions were made during the period: Data pertaining to the number of audit reports on which management decisions were made during the period and the associated dollar amounts agreed to by management were furnished by the OIG. • Value of recommendations that management concluded should not or could not be calculable: Management was unable to determine the award amounts and “better use funds” implemented since the amount is included in the overall award to the prime contractor and savings could not be determined. U.S. General Services Administration 1800 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20405 www.gsa.gov